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KMID : 1100220160150030088
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Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders
2016 Volume.15 No. 3 p.88 ~ p.91
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Human Herpes Virus 6 Encephalitis Following Bone Marrow Transplantation with Uncommon Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings
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Hwang Ji-Hye
Kim Ji-Eun
Roh Jee-Hoon
Lee Jae-Hong
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Abstract
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Background : Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV6) is commonly associated with encephalitis following bone marrow transplantation. However, hippocampal atrophy and global hypometabolism are rare findings in HHV6 encephalitis.
Case Report : A 41-year-old right-handed woman with acute lymphoblastic leukemia presented with fever and mental changes 2 weeks after receiving a sibling bone marrow transplant. The patient’s cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was positive for HHV-6 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), but was negative for other viral DNA. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed atrophic changes in bilateral medial temporal lobes. Following 4 weeks of ganciclovir therapy, a CSF exam was negative for HHV-6 DNA and the patient’s neurological symptoms partially improved. However, she was disoriented and had severe retrograde and anterograde amnesia. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography indicated global hypometabolism in the medial temporal lobes and the fronto-parietal cortices.
Conclusions : This is a rare and unusual case of hippocampal atrophy in the acute stage of HHV6 encephalitis. Our imaging findings may reflect the chronic indolent course of HHV6 encephalitis.
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KEYWORD
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herpes, human herpes virus, Human Herpes Virus 6 encephalitis, limbic encephalitis, retrograde amnesia, anterograde amnesia
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